Acrodermatitis vesiculosa tropica is a rare infectious disease caused by the Orf virus, a member of the Parapoxvirus genus. This condition is commonly referred to as Orf or contagious pustular dermatitis. The term "acrodermatitis" signifies inflammation of the skin of the extremities, and "vesiculosa tropica" relates to the presence of vesicles or fluid-filled blisters that develop in response to the infection.
Orf infection primarily affects individuals who work closely with animals, especially those involved in farming, agriculture, or veterinary professions. It is commonly transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, their secretions, or contaminated fomites such as hay or straw. The virus typically enters the body through breaks in the skin, such as cuts or abrasions.
The disease manifests as a localized skin lesion, usually on the hands or fingers, that progresses through distinct stages. Initially, a papule or bump forms, which then develops into a vesicle or blister filled with clear fluid. Over time, the vesicle may evolve into a pustule, filled with pus-like fluid. Eventually, the lesion dries up and forms a scab, which eventually falls off, leaving a small scar.
Orf is usually a self-limiting infection that resolves spontaneously within a few weeks. However, secondary bacterial infections and complications can occur in some cases. Treatment primarily involves wound care and disinfection, along with symptomatic relief measures.
In conclusion, acrodermatitis vesiculosa tropica, or Orf, is an uncommon infectious disease characterized by the development of fluid-filled blisters on the extremities. It commonly affects individuals in close contact with animals, and the infection follows a distinct clinical course.
