Benign Rolandic Epilepsy (BRE), also known as benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), is a relatively common form of childhood epilepsy that typically manifests between the ages of 3 and 13. It is considered a benign condition because the seizures are generally mild and tend to resolve on their own during adolescence. The name "Rolandic" refers to the region of the brain where the seizures originate.
BRE is characterized by seizures that usually occur during sleep, but they can also occur upon awakening. The seizures typically involve tingling or numbness on one side of the face or mouth, causing drooling, difficulty speaking, and weakened facial muscles. In some cases, these symptoms may spread to the arm or leg on the same side of the body. The seizures usually last only a few seconds to a couple of minutes and do not typically cause loss of consciousness.
During an electroencephalogram (EEG), a test used to diagnose epilepsy, characteristic patterns known as "centrotemporal spikes" or "rolandic spikes" are observed in the brain, confirming the diagnosis of BRE.
The exact cause of BRE is unknown, but it is believed to have a genetic component, as it tends to run in families. The condition is generally self-limiting, with most children outgrowing the seizures by adolescence. Treatment options for BRE are usually unnecessary, but in cases where the seizures are frequent or significantly affect the child's quality of life, antiepileptic medications may be prescribed.
In summary, Benign Rolandic Epilepsy is a childhood epilepsy syndrome characterized by mild seizures occurring during sleep or upon awakening, involving tingling or numbness on one side of the face or mouth. It is considered benign because the seizures are typically self
