Gaylussacia baccata, commonly known as black huckleberry, is a species of deciduous shrub belonging to the Ericaceae family. Native to eastern North America, it is primarily found in forested regions from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, down to Georgia, United States.
Black huckleberry typically grows to a height of 3 to 6 feet (1 to 2 meters) and has a spreading, rounded form. The shrub boasts small, ovate to elliptic-shaped leaves that are approximately 0.4 to 1.2 inches (1 to 3 centimeters) long. Unlike the glossy green color seen in many huckleberry species, Gaylussacia baccata's foliage has a dull, dark green appearance.
During late spring to early summer, black huckleberry produces clusters of delicate, bell-shaped flowers that typically have a pinkish hue. These blooms give way to small, juicy, black berries with a sweet, somewhat tart flavor. The edible berries are a favorite among wildlife, including birds, bears, and small mammals.
Gaylussacia baccata thrives in acidic, well-draining soils and is commonly found in sandy or rocky habitats, such as woodlands, clearings, and mountain slopes. It often forms dense thickets and can serve as an important component of forest understories, contributing to ecological diversity and providing both food and cover for various animal species.
Aside from its ecological value, black huckleberry also possesses cultural significance. Native American tribes historically utilized different parts of the plant for various purposes, including food, medicine, and dyes. Additionally, the berries can be used in culinary applications, such as jams, pies, and syrups.
