Pronunciation: [ɡlˈuːm] (IPA) 
The word "glume" is spelled with the letters G-L-U-M-E. In IPA phonetic transcription, it is pronounced as [ɡluːm]. The "G" is pronounced as the hard "G" sound, followed by the "L" pronounced with the tongue touching the upper palate. The "U" is pronounced as the long "u" sound, and the "M" is pronounced with the lips touching each other. This word refers to a leaf-like structure that covers a grass spikelet.
A glume is a term primarily used in botany to describe a protective structure that surrounds the reproductive parts of a plant, specifically the grains of grasses. It is a specialized bract, characterized by its thin and papery texture, that encloses the floret or flower cluster. The function of the glume is to shield the developing grain from external elements and potential threats such as insects or disease. Each floret typically has two glumes, one called lower glume and the other upper glume.
Glumes are an important feature in the identification and classification of grasses. They can vary considerably in size, shape, color, and texture, providing valuable characteristics for taxonomic studies. In addition to protection, glumes can also assist in the dispersal of grains by aiding wind or animal-mediated dispersal through their barbs or hooks.
While the term primarily refers to grasses, similar structures may also be found in other plant families, though they may be referred to by alternative names such as bract, lemma, or palea. However, in the context of grasses, "glume" is the commonly used term. The study of glumes and their variations is crucial for understanding the biological and ecological aspects of grasses, their evolution, and their role in various ecosystems.
The bract of any of the grasses.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The husk of corn or grasses formed of flaps or valves embracing the seed.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word glume is derived from the Latin word gluma, which means husk or chaff.
