Hemlock water dropwort, scientifically known as Oenanthe crocata, is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Europe and parts of Asia. It belongs to the Apiaceae family, which includes common plants like carrots, parsley, and celery. This plant is predominantly found growing in wet habitats, such as marshes, damp meadows, and along river banks.
Hemlock water dropwort has a tall, hollow stem that can reach up to 1.5 meters in height. The plant features compound leaves with deeply toothed leaflets and small umbrella-like clusters of white flowers. The flowers bloom from May to August and are known for their distinct and pungent odor. They are rich in nectar, attracting various pollinators like bees and butterflies.
Although it bears resemblance to edible plants like celery and parsley, it is crucial to note that hemlock water dropwort is acutely toxic. All parts of the plant, including the roots, stems, leaves, and flowers, contain potent toxins known as polyynes, particularly oenanthetoxin and cicutoxin. Ingesting even small quantities of this plant can be fatal to humans and animals.
Due to its toxicity, extreme caution must be exercised when encountering hemlock water dropwort. It is important to refrain from harvesting or consuming any part of the plant, as accidental ingestion can lead to severe poisoning symptoms such as digestive upsets, convulsions, respiratory paralysis, and ultimately, death.
