HETEROPHIL Meaning and
Definition
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A heterophil is a type of white blood cell, specifically a granulocyte, which is an important component of the immune system in various vertebrate animals, including birds and reptiles. Heterophils are functionally equivalent to neutrophils found in mammals.
These cells play a vital role in the defense against infectious microorganisms and foreign substances by phagocytosing (engulfing and destroying) them. Heterophils are characterized by the presence of numerous cytoplasmic granules containing enzymes and antimicrobial proteins. These granules help in the destruction and elimination of pathogens, making heterophils crucial for immune responses.
Under a microscope, heterophils are recognized by their distinct appearance. They typically have multi-lobed nuclei, with the number of lobes varying among species. The cytoplasm of heterophils appears granular, reflecting the presence of those enzyme-filled granules. Throughout the body, heterophils circulate in the bloodstream, ready to migrate to tissues and sites of infection when necessary.
Monitoring the levels of heterophils in blood samples can provide valuable information about an animal's immune response and overall health. An increase in heterophils, known as heterophilia, can indicate the presence of inflammation or infection. Conversely, a decrease in heterophils, known as heteropenia, may be associated with certain viral infections or immune-suppressed conditions.
In summary, heterophils are specialized white blood cells that play a crucial role in the immune defense of non-mammalian vertebrates against pathogens. Their ability to phagocytose and destroy microorganisms makes them an essential component of the immune system.
Common Misspellings for HETEROPHIL
Etymology of HETEROPHIL
The term "heterophil" is derived from Greek roots. It combines the prefix "hetero-", which means "different" or "other", with the Greek word "philos", which means "loving" or "fond of". Thus, "heterophil" can be loosely translated to "fond of the other" or "loving the different". It is commonly used in biology and medicine to refer to a type of white blood cell found in non-mammalian vertebrates, particularly birds.
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