Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBMs) are a category of ballistic missiles that are designed to have a range capability between that of Short Range Ballistic Missiles (SRBMs) and Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs). This range typically falls between 1,000 to 5,500 kilometers (approximately 620 to 3,420 miles).
IRBMs are characterized by their ability to travel at high speeds, within the Earth's atmosphere, following a ballistic trajectory. These missiles are propelled into the sky by rocket engines, following a powered flight until they reach the highest point of their trajectory (apogee). From there, they descend towards their target along a free-falling trajectory, utilizing gravity to achieve their intended impact.
The specific range of IRBMs makes them effective for regional conflicts, as they are capable of covering a significant distance between neighboring countries or targets within a specific geographic area. Unlike SRBMs, which have a more limited range, IRBMs can sustain longer flights, allowing them to carry larger payloads, such as multiple warheads or heavier single warheads.
IRBMs have been a contentious subject in global security and arms control discussions, as their deployment by a country can be seen as a significant military capability that might affect regional stability. Treaties and agreements aimed at arms control measures have often included provisions concerning the elimination, reduction, or limitation of intermediate range ballistic missiles.
