Ketosis Prone Diabetes Mellitus (KPDM) is a medical condition characterized by recurrent episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life-threatening complication of diabetes. It is a subtype of diabetes mellitus that primarily affects individuals of certain ethnic backgrounds including people of African, Hispanic, or Asian descent.
The onset of Ketosis Prone Diabetes Mellitus is typically abrupt and is triggered by a severe disruption in glucose homeostasis. The body's inability to produce or effectively utilize insulin leads to high blood sugar levels. As a result, the body starts breaking down fatty acids for energy, which leads to the build-up of ketones in the blood, causing the characteristic metabolic imbalance seen in DKA.
Unlike other forms of diabetes, KPDM is characterized by a reversible insulin secretory defect. This means that individuals with KPDM, during periods of relative stability, can achieve near-normal blood glucose levels without requiring insulin treatment. However, due to the unpredictable nature of the condition, patients may experience recurrent episodes of DKA, necessitating insulin therapy.
Management of Ketosis Prone Diabetes Mellitus involves a combination of lifestyle modifications, such as regular physical activity and healthy eating, and close monitoring of blood glucose levels. Insulin therapy may be required during acute episodes of DKA or during periods of metabolic instability. Long-term management aims to achieve optimal glycemic control and prevent complications associated with diabetes.
Further research is necessary to fully understand the underlying causes of Ketosis Prone Diabetes Mellitus and to develop improved treatment strategies for effectively managing this condition.
