The Parliament of Scotland refers to the legislative body that governed Scotland from its early establishment until it was merged with the Parliament of England in 1707 to form the Parliament of Great Britain. It served as the supreme governing authority in Scotland, responsible for making and passing laws, as well as addressing important socio-political matters.
Initially introduced in the 13th century, the Parliament of Scotland consisted of three major components: the monarch, the nobility, and the representatives of burghs (urban communities). It evolved over time and structures within the parliament were refined. The ultimate power resided with the monarch, who called and dissolved the parliament, and their assent was essential for any potential law to be enacted.
The parliament consisted of two primary houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords comprised the high-ranking nobles, including earls, bishops, and abbots, as well as the representatives of the lower nobility. The House of Commons, on the other hand, was composed of burgesses representing the burghs across Scotland. Over the centuries, the relationship between the two houses changed, with the House of Commons gaining more prominence and influence.
The Parliament of Scotland had its own unique legal system, laws, and institutions, contributing to the distinct Scottish legal tradition. Its existence and legislative activities played a significant role in shaping Scotland's political landscape and influencing the socio-economic development of the nation.
