The Republic of Benin, commonly referred to as Benin, is a country situated in West Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the east, Togo to the west, Burkina Faso and Niger to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the south. Covering an area of approximately 114,763 square kilometers, Benin has a population of over 12 million people.
Benin gained independence from French colonial rule on August 1, 1960. As a republic, it is governed by a democratic system, with a president serving as the head of state and a parliament functioning as the legislative body. The political system is characterized by multiparty elections and a constitution that outlines the rights and responsibilities of citizens.
The country's economy relies on agriculture, industry, and services. Agriculture plays a vital role in Benin's economy, with key crops including cotton, corn, yams, and cassava. Industries, such as textiles, food processing, and construction, also contribute to its economic growth. Services, particularly tourism and telecommunications, have gained importance in recent years.
Benin boasts a rich cultural heritage, with over 60 ethnic groups coexisting within its borders. The official language is French, while Fon and Yoruba are widely spoken regional languages. Traditional religions, Christianity, and Islam are the major religions observed in the country.
Benin is known for its diverse ecosystems, which include the Pendjari National Park and the unique "floating villages" on Lake Nokoué. It also holds historical significance due to its past as the Kingdom of Dahomey, which left behind a legacy of impressive palaces, temples, and royal artifacts.
